To order copies of I say to everyone near and far, this country is safe and its authority will remain one we must get rid of the occupation and we say to them: leave us, we are here to stay.. Mahmoud is a twelve-year-old boy "with a long, strong nose, thick black eyebrows, and short-cropped black hair" (12). Were refugees! Mahmoud yelled, unable to stay silent any longer. Abbass visit came after a statement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu s office that his government would take steps to strengthen the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank, but gave no specifics about what steps it would take. Josef, Rachel, and, Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, and 10 days from home. Maana, we told them. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. But in the past six months, Josef and his father had traded places. When the war was over, she searched for, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Josef looked deep into Officer Padrons eyes, searching for some sign of help, some hint of sympathy. Well let you in maana. The other men agree, but, Josef: Antwerp, Belgium 1939, 36 days from home. Author: Alan Gratz Josef couldnt believe what hed just done. From the Nazis. Though the country is unnamed, the crisis so closely mirrors Syria as to essentially clearly be about the current crisis. He visited a freshly-dug cemetery, where he laid a wreath at the graves of those killed in last weeks operation, before speaking to a tightly-packed crowd. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. A Manana B Next week C Next month D Soon Question 3 of 15 Gratz includes a lengthy authors note with his sources and explanations of how he developed certain characters (For example, Josefs father is an amalgam of two actual passengers on the MS St. Louis). Created by Gili_Sadero Terms in this set (175) How did Mahmoud stay invisible? It may sometimes look like that, but Mahmoud still breaks into tears when he thinks about what he's been through in his ten short years. Struggling with distance learning? Mahmoud has lived his life trying to be invisible since the civil war started because in Syria that is how he can stay safe. A Mauthausen B Ravensbruck C Dachau D Auschwitz Question 2 of 15 What do the Cuban police always tell the passengers when asked when they'll get off the ship? In doing so he can begin to imagine a new future with his family. Lito was wrong. 11. Rating: 5 Stars, in the running for top five books of the year, Hindsight // Foresight October 23, 2017 The Catch Up Edition, Middle-Grade Mini-Reviews: My Real Name is Hanna and Lifeboat 12, Review: The House of Broken Angels by Luis Alberto Urrea, Review: Fruit of the Drunken Tree with Flight Pick: Tell Me How It Ends. Complete your free account to request a guide. He slapped his father across the face. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. "Sooo much more helpful than SparkNotes. Multiple-choice 30 seconds 1 pt How would you describe Joesef's mother's transformation by the end of chapter 40? Coquettish, yet demure. Josef felt the heat of that embarrassment all over again, the humiliation of being talked about like he was an animal. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Multiple-choice 1 minute 1 pt Why does Mahmoud's family leave behind their car before they get to Turkey? What does Mahmoud's family use to navigate as they leave Syria? It was the largest Israeli offensive in the West Bank in nearly two decades, killing at least 12 Palestinians and one Israeli soldier, forcing thousands to flee their homes and leaving large swaths of the camp in ruins. Newspapers Limited, 8 Spadina Avenue, 10th Floor, Toronto, ON M5V 0S8, according to a Palestinian public opinion poll in June. Over the last year, Israel has conducted stepped-up raids into Palestinian areas in response to deadly Palestinian attacks targeting Israelis over the past year. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Mahmoud, 6, and his family are among the Syrian refugee families that live in the city of Kilis, in Southeastern Turkey, a few kilometers from the Syrian border. Gratz intends to donate a portion of the proceeds from the sale of Refugee to UNICEF. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. 1 Answers Log in to answer Answered by Jill W 2 years ago 4/15/2021 2:54 PM Isabel Fernandez is eleven-years-old, and she is described as "all lanky arms and legs. In his new middle-grade novel, Alan Gratz illuminates the universal plight of refugees. The boy who had died so Ruthie could live. If no one saw them, no one could help them. PDF downloads of all 1748 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. He was handed to me just as soon as he was born, Sara says, so I breastfed him along with my son to enable him to grow strong and keep him healthy, as conditions were sometimes unclean. Sara has been raising Mahmoud as her own along with Mohammed, also 6, Aisha, 4, and the youngest, Hala, who is 2. My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last. What does Mahmoud want in refugee? A man offers to call the Coast Guard for them. I dont know enough about the time in history and reading accurate historical fiction is one of my favorite ways to begin to learn more. At the beginning of the story, Mahmoud strives to be invisible, as "Being invisible was how he survived.". GENEVA, 17 April (UNHCR) Mahmoud is just a boy. Hear us. What happens in the beginning of Mahmoud's story? But we never did. Lito was crying now, distraught. With this novel, Gratz, a former Knoxvillian, has written a sobering meditation on what it means to be a refugee, no matter when or where. One of these firemen grabs, Josef: Just Outside Havana Harbor 1939, 18 days from home (1), in their room against the door in terror following the incident with Schiendick, even after, Rachel tells Ruthie to go to the pool, and she tells, the sleeping draught after she said it was for herself. Gili_Sadero. A woman appears on the side of the boat and takes Hana from them. It will be difficult for any reader to sit on a comfortable couch in a comfortable home and absorb Alan Gratzs new middle-grade novel, Refugee, without feeling both an overwhelming sense of grief and a deep desire to change the world. The way the content is organized. Countries like the US are still able to turn away current Syrian refugees, while countries within the contiguous EU are currently trying to control the flood. Really smart, but protective of his heart. Ten men gather as a group near the social hall, carrying metal candlesticks and pipes. The passengers throw an enormous party in celebration. Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days from home. Though the language stayed on-grade for middle-grade readers, it held my attention and I fairly well devoured this one. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." He pledged the reconstruction of the camp would begin immediately. This is considered a young YA or mature Middle-Grade book and would thematically be a bit much for the younger end of the YA spectrum. Jewish What was the name of the ship that Josef traveled on to move to Cuba? Help us.. Teachers and parents! He has a mother, a father, a younger brother, and a baby sister. 2. Germany, even to the point of running the ship aground. LitCharts Teacher Editions. For the bright promise of maana. U.S. President Joe Biden said in an interview with CNN this week that the Palestinian Authority has lost its credibility among Palestinians and has created a vacuum for extremism in the West Bank. Refugee is sure to win awards and be taught in classrooms andas great stories always domaybe even change a heart or two. Alan Gratz the front cover. that moment, the bandleader says that there will be an announcement in the social hall. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Im starting the second this week and cant wait to dive init is set in Cambodia when people were fleeing the Khmer Rouge. What religion does Josef follow? The past, the present, the future. Please spell out the answer ~ Ex: seven. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Back to their deaths. "I think it's important that libraries be a place where you can find all kinds of books. (including. Not until their shop windows had been smashed and their businesses had been shut down. Instead, Herr Meier lowered a screen with the faces and profiles of Jewish men and women on it and proceeded to use Josef as an example of how to tell a real German from a Jew. Everything you need for every book you read. By Patrick Kingsley and Hiba Yazbek . . A common question iswhether asylum seekers can integrate into their new communities andcontribute to local life. Alan Gratz, Refugee. "Night of Broken Glass" Blend in. He had responsibilities. But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas paid a brief visit to the Jenin refugee camp in the occupied West Bank in the wake of a devastating Israeli offensive last week. To be invisible. lawyer p.1 How old is Ruth Landau? You can check out our Privacy Policy to see how we safeguard and use the information you provide us with. What Gratz has done is no small featdistilling the horrors of Nazi Germany, Castros Cuba, and the Syrian refugee crisis into a beautifully written, heart-wrenching balancing act between three pre-teen protagonists separated by decades but united by courage. Mahmoud escaped and eventually got himself on a flight to the UK, arriving in September 2015. Synopsis Mahmoud told his dad that he wanted to board a boat and go to Italy, where he'd have a chance to go to school. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. prayer, the sailors slide the body of the man over the side of the ship. When children have access to safe water, toilets and soap for hand washing at school, they have a better environment to learn, stay healthy and realize their full potential, says Ms. Dostlar. It makes it much easier for me to parent as the boys are teaching their younger sisters what they learn in school. "Sooo much more helpful than SparkNotes. From the Nazis. For as much as hed wanted to grow up, Josef wished now that he could join them. The goal of the Early Childhood Education (ECE) Programme is to ensure Syrian children acquire the education, hygiene, language and social skills needed for them to thrive in school, said Derya Dostlar, an education specialist for UNICEF Turkey. Anyone can read Conversations, but to contribute, you should be a registered Torstar account holder. A refined and highly intelligent man who oozes charm. And maybe the world needed to see what was really happening here. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs London: Scholastic Children's Books, 2017. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Being invisible in Syria had kept him alive. Children who learn about safe water, sanitation and hygiene habits at school can reinforce positive life-long behaviours in their homes and their communities.. According to UNICEF, almost fifty million children are uprooted from their homes, with 28 million fleeing conflict in places like Syria, Yemen, and South Sudan. Everything is Connected Abbas arrived in Jenin aboard a Jordanian helicopter on Wednesday afternoon. As is common with a book like this, you begin to realize that the stories are connectedboth in theme as well as with tangential characters. says that they can make an exception in this case. They remind me that asylum seekers are normal people in horrible situations, and that nobody is more motivated than them to put their lives back together and achieve things in life. After watching the way others react to his family and their desperate struggle, Mahmoud suddenly understands: They only see us when we do something they dont want us to do, Mahmoud realized. Mahmoud brings the healthy habits he has learned at school home, washing his hands before sitting down to a snack with his sister. Mahmoud finds the courage to shed the "invisibility" he has cultivated and lead his family to a better future. After a while, their car is attacked by enemy fire, and despite wanting to curl up into a ball and disappear., Mahmoud risks his life for his brother, [grabbing] Walleed by the arm, [dragging] him over the seat, and [diving] headfirst out the door. This shows that he is learning that sometimes, being invisible and doing nothing might not always be the best option. Gratz, Alan. The slambey Centre is also an important space for mothers and caregivers from the Syrian and Turkish communities to socialize and interact. Josef is 12 years old at the beginning of the book, living in Nazi Germany in 1938, where Jewish people like Josef are treated as "subhuman" and second-class citizens. And maybe the world needed to see what was really happening here. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. The children also benefit from art and music classes, which are a vital part of the psycho-social support they receive to help overcome their psychological trauma and restore a sense of normalcy to their daily lives. ship to patrol the decks and harass the Jewish passengers. I am revising my thinking about the character Mahmoud from the book Refugee written by the author Alan Gratz. It's a great story. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Alan Gratz's critically acclaimed 2017 historical novel Refugee follows the stories of three child refugees from real international crises: Josef, escaping 1930s Nazi Germany; Isabel, fleeing Cuba in 1994 on a leaky boat; and Mahmoud, bombed out of his home in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015.A New York Times Bestseller, Refugee has won numerous awards and honors, including the American Library . Officer Padron just looked away. Papa would have punished him for such disrespect. Mahmoud 6, and his sisters, Aicha 4, and Hala 2, sit down for a snack prepared by their mother at home. Cuba and the United States ultimately turned them away. $16.99, Brooks Lamb works to preserve the family farm, Past and present mingle in collections by Loving, Shockley, and Underwood, Lorrie Moore discusses death, humor, and her sensational new novel. JERUSALEM (AP) Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas briefly visited the occupied West Banks Jenin refugee camp Wednesday in the wake of a devastating Israeli offensive last week, marking his first visit to the camp since 2005. Information and translations of Mahmoud in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Refugee. They needed a place to hide from Hitler. Because I didnt change it. The question is whether we will behave better this timewhen the modern MS St. Louis comes to our shorts, teeming with Syrian refugees, will we do better this time? Isabel is 11 years old in 1994, growing up in Havana, Cuba, under Fidel Castro's regime. When asked how the slambey Centrehas impacted her boys, she says that shes seen a real boost in their confidence. Refugee (Alan Gratz) Quiz. Starvation threatens, but Fidel Castro suddenly reverses his long-held and brutally enforced position on emigration. Sitemap How Did Mahmoud Travel in Refugee? presentation-ready copies of Toronto Star content for distribution Twelve-year-old Mahmoud Bishara lives in Aleppo, Syria, with his little brother, baby sister, and parents. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs We need help!, Dont you see? Lito said. She didn't have to be in Havana to hear it. Here, Mahmoud makes his heaviest and most mature decision because of the direness of their situation. It all came flooding back to him nowswaying and humming along with the prayers, craning his neck to see the Torah when it was taken out of the ark and hoping to get a chance to touch it and then kiss his fingers as the scroll came around in a procession. Refine any search. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Struggling with distance learning? Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days from home, as they prepare for their new lives. Our Teacher Edition on Refugee can help. Compare the stories of Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud to others you have read about refugee children. saying that they have to hide or get off the ship to avoid the Nazis. Sara first learned about the slambey Centre from a community outreach worker who was going door to door in their neighbourhood. Im a man now. And when those soldiers said one of us could go free and the other would be taken to a concentration camp, Josef said, Take me.. Refugee tells the story of one such childMahmoud, feeling Aleppo after his home is destroyedinterspersed with the story of a Jewish child, Josef, on the MS St. Louis in 1939 and Isabel, a Cuban child fleeing for Miami in 1994. Instant PDF downloads. Invest in the literary life of Tennessee. Josef clenched his fists, and his ears burned hot with frustration and embarrassment at his helplessness. The article was originally published here. The Israeli army said the operation was necessary to crack down on Palestinian militant groups following a spate of recent attacks. By clicking "Decline", this post will be reverted to a draft. He is walking home from school with his brother, and he sees two boys beating up another boy for food, he takes a different route home p12-17 What was Josef's father's profession? R efugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. The way the content is organized, One of the three protagonists of the book, alongside. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. How many of them died because we turned them away? Any comment you leave below will be added to the feedback on the draft. If no one saw them, no one could help them. Im just doing my job.. My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last. In this way, students are making a text-to-self connection that demonstrates their understanding of the characters and their development or the themes of the novel. In order to create your account we need you to provide your email address. Women consider him to be extremely cute. Here, Syrian and Turkish children sing happily together while learning basic words in Turkish. Refugee. I typically struggle a bit with middle-grade books since they dont tend to hold my attention. By Sarah Ainslee Refugee chapter 8-14. would be starting school this year, if Jews were still allowed to go to school. Your email address will not be published. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Mahmoud's father has been impressed by how quickly his son has embraced his new home, observing that it's as though he's been in Sweden all his life. Struggling with distance learning? History does not look kindly upon those who turned away the MS St. Louis, and I do not see how it will look kindly upon us for these failures. How many of them died because we turned them away? -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. As Rachel, Josef, and. He breaks a nearby window and helps Rachel and, keeps hidden, but they say it is not enough. Because I was just doing my job?, I dont remember much about him, but I do remember he always wanted to be a grown-up. The stories are set in different times and places, but they share the same challenges: hunger and homelessness, injustice and cruelty, shocking violence and brutal death. Republication or distribution of this content is She changes from angry to regretful. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. As he is walking his little brother Waleed home from school, they encounter a boy with bread getting bullied. Josef had died so Ruthie could live, and one day welcome Mahmoud and his family into her house. down the portrait of Hitler in the social hall. This is a very mature instinct for a 12-year-old boy, but the ordeal that they are facing requires Mahmoud to grow up and take on that responsibility. Mahmoud remembers, "When we were in Vienna the people were quite welcoming and warm and Vienna is of course a beautiful city, but the Austrian authorities claimed that they could not accept more refugees in Austria. Toronto Star articles, please go to: www.TorontoStarReprints.com, Conversations are opinions of our readers and are subject to the. Jewish rats, Schiendick said, sneering at Josef and the other kids. Josef's journey In the book, Refugee, who is the author? Schiendick looks at Aaron and. past the other passengers in line to board and streaks up the gangway, with Josef, Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days from home, The St. Louis is a paradise for Josef and. On board the ship, Josef reflects on the crews ignorance of the refugees predicament: The stewards smiled with the passengers as though they understood, but none of them could really understand, Josef thought. The thought hit him like a lightning bolt. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Isabel is deeply tied to her Cuban heritage, particularly through her music. Hearing Mahmoud's story, Ruthie tells him her own story, and explains that Josef died so that she could live. In the book, Refugee, page 64,what idd the police do to the boat Isabel's family was in? But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. Josef Landau is a Jewish boy in Germany in 1938. Hard. She had brought Cuba with her to Miami." Alan Gratz author Refugee book Isabel Fernandez Mariano Padron characters music feelings being wrong Josefs family is Jewish. lawyer p.1 SSD In the book, Refugee, what does kristallnacht mean? Josef felt his skin tingle. He recalls, "We barely made it, the boat sunk, and many people perished." Mahmoud arrived on a barren Greek island, where he was picked up by another boat. expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Toronto Even though Mahmoud is filled with despair, his immediate instinct is to protect his mother and sister. Even though it means separating from Hana and potentially never seeing her again, he offers his sister to the other refugees because he knows it will give her a better chance of survival. For as much as hed wanted to grow up, Josef wished now that he could join them. Created by Ethanc323 Terms in this set (47) In the book, Refugee, Whose journey had no point? To be invisible. Mahmoud and his classmates begin their lessons each morning in laughter and song, right foot, left foot, Im a choo choo train they exclaim. A specimen. After he and his family reach the Turkish refugee camp, we can begin to see him begin to open up. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Putting Students In the Shoes of Refugees 56 terms. "You can live as a ghost, waiting for death to come, or you can dance.". The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Exit West imagines a world were we have to live with and address refugees who cannot be kept out. When Syrian refugee children like Mahmoud first arrive here, their first 3 weeks of schooling is dual language Arabic and Turkish which helps them to transition more easily to full immersion in their new language. two other boats have been allowed to dock and let off their refugees into Havana. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. A great kisser, though when he's had enough of women trying to seduce him, he has the art of making his body physically growl. Refugee puts faces on the millions of children who, throughout the modern era, have been forced to flee their . At the beginning of the story, Mahmoud strives to be invisible, as Being invisible was how he survived. He tries to stay hidden to avoid the bullies, the barrel bombs, and soldiers fighting in the Syrian civil war. Teachers and parents! In his . Published July 25, 2017 by Scholastic Press (@scholasticinc) His father was killed two weeks before he was born, forcing his aunt Sara to take the children to safety across the border in Turkey. Take our free Refugee quiz below, with 25 multiple choice questions that help you test your knowledge. they are Jewish, and tell them that they will be taken to a concentration camp. But he wasnt a kid anymore. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Instant PDF downloads. The MS St. Louis. 352 pages The Nazis laughed, and Josefs face burned hot with shame. Not until shadowy men had burst into their homes and smashed up their things and dragged away someone they loved. Mahmoud's story, a 10 year old refugee's journey from Syria to Sweden By Michael Wilson September 3, 2015 -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Ruthie Landau/Rosenberg appears in, bed and becomes so scared that he wets himself. His father, Aaron, is taken away by the Nazis on Kristallnacht and . Thanks for signing up as a global citizen. But a funny thing happened while I was waiting for the world to change, Chabela: It didnt. He didnt want to get noticed by syrian rebels so he walked with a hood. Your email address will not be published. The focus is on providing them with child-oriented activities in a school setting, under the guidance of trained educators and social workers, in order to prepare them for enrolment in Turkish schools. In each case these characters display an unwavering belief that family and love and decency must somehow triumph over evil. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better.